Arthrosis(osteoarthritis) is a degenerative disease of the joints associated with slow degeneration and destruction of intra-articular cartilage. Over time, there is a restructuring of the articular ends of the bones, inflammation and degeneration of the periarticular tissues. The concept of "arthrosis" (deforming osteoarthritis) includes a group of joint diseases of a degenerative-inflammatory nature, which have different origins and similar mechanisms.
Causes
Primary arthrosis against the background of age-related and / or biomechanical changes. Secondary, occurs after an injury, against the background of diabetes mellitus or thyroid disease, due to vascular disorders, etc. Contributes to damage to the joints of the legs and the development of arthrosis of flat feet, which disrupts the shock-absorbing functions of the foot. Timely use of specially selected orthopedic insoles allows you to correct the deformity of the foot and reduce the stress on the joints.
Arthrosis is the most common joint disease, and its frequency increases with age. But this disease occurs not only in the elderly, which determines its social significance.
Symptoms:
- pain during exertion, subsiding at rest;
- limitation of mobility and crunching in the joint;
- muscle tension in the joint area;
- possible periodic appearance of swelling, gradual deformation of the joint.
Primary arthrosis - 40-50% of cases of arthrosis. The disease develops on a previously healthy joint, and its cause is not damage to the joint, but, for example, hard physical work.
Secondary arthrosis - 50-60% of cases. The joint prone to arthrosis was deformed even before the disease - for example, as a result of trauma.
What joints are affected by arthrosis?
Most often arthrosis develops in the joints of the lower half of the body (hip, knee, first metatarsophalangeal). On the hands, the joints of the phalanges of the fingers are most often affected by arthrosis. Osteoarthritis usually occurs first on one joint, and then on the second - symmetrical to the first.
Coxarthrosis
Coxarthrosis(arthrosis of the hip joint) is characterized by a progressive course and impaired statodynamic function of the musculoskeletal system. It occupies one of the first places among degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The dystrophic process begins with the articular cartilage - its thinning, dissociation, fragmentation occur, and its cushioning properties are lost. As a compensatory reaction of the articular surfaces of the hip joint, marginal bone growths are formed. In the future, sclerosis develops and cysts are formed in the articulating sections of the femoral head and acetabulum.
Gonarthrosis
Gonarthrosisarthrosis of the knee joint) occupies a leading place in the group of arthritic lesions of the joints of the extremities. Patients with gonarthrosis constantly prevail among patients attending polyclinics, but, unfortunately, they are few among those who are treated in our hospitals. Inpatient treatment could have a much greater effect than on-the-job outpatient therapy. Known to doctors for over 100 years, this disease in everyday life is called "salt deposition".